Tarantella - Wikipedia. Tarantella (Italian pronunciation: [taranˈtɛlla]) is a group of various folk dances characterized by a fast upbeat tempo, usually in 6. It is among the most recognized forms of traditional southern Italian music. The specific dance- name varies with every region, for instance tammurriata in Campania, pizzica in the Salento region, Sonu a ballu in Calabria.

Tarantella is popular in Southern Italy and Argentina. History[edit]. Italian women dance the tarantella, 1. In the Italianprovince of Taranto, Apulia, the bite of a locally common type of wolf spider, named "tarantula" after the region,[3] was popularly believed to be highly poisonous and to lead to a hysterical condition known as tarantism.[4] This became known as the Tarantella. R. Lowe Thompson proposed that the dance is a survival from a "Dianic or Dionysiac cult", driven underground.[5] John Compton later proposed that the Roman Senate had suppressed these ancient Bacchanalianrites.

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In 1. 86 BC the tarantella went underground, reappearing under the guise of emergency therapy for bite victims.[6]Courtship vs tarantism dances[edit]The stately courtship tarantella danced by a couple or couples, short in duration, is graceful and elegant and features characteristic music. On the other hand, the supposedly curative or symptomatic tarantella was danced solo by a victim of a Lycosa tarantula spider bite (not to be confused with what is commonly known as a tarantula today); it was agitated in character, lasted for hours or even up to days, and featured characteristic music. However, other forms of the dance were and still are couple dances usually either mimicking courtship or a sword fight. The confusion appears to arrive from the fact that the spiders, the condition, its sufferers ('tarantolati'), and the dances all have similar names to the city of Taranto.[7]The dance originated in the Apulia region, and spread throughout the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. The Neapolitan tarantella is a courtship dance performed by couples whose "rhythms, melodies, gestures, and accompanying songs are quite distinct" featuring faster more cheerful music. Its origins may further lie in "a fifteenth- century fusion between the Spanish Fandango and the Moresque 'ballo di sfessartia'." The "magico- religious" tarantella is a solo dance performed supposedly to cure through perspiration the delirium and contortions attributed to the bite of a spider at harvest (summer) time. The dance was later applied as a supposed cure for the behavior of neurotic women ('Carnevaletto delle donne').[8]There are several traditional tarantella groups: 'Cantori di Carpino', 'Officina Zoé', 'Uccio Aloisi gruppu', 'Canzoniere Grecanico Salentino', 'Selva Cupina', 'I Tamburellisti di Torrepaduli'.

The tarantella is most commonly played with a mandolin, a guitar, an accordion and tambourines. Flute, fiddle, trumpet and clarinet are also used. The tarantella is a dance in which the dancer and the drum player constantly try to upstage each other by playing faster or dancing longer than the other, subsequently tiring one person out first.

Tarantism[edit]Tarantism, as a ritual, has roots in the ancient Greek myths. Reportedly, victims who had collapsed or were convulsing would begin to dance with appropriate music and be revived as if a tarantula had bitten them. The music used to treat dancing mania appears to be similar to that used in the case of tarantism though little is known about either. Justus Hecker (1. Epidemics of the Middle Ages: A convulsion infuriated the human frame [..].

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Entire communities of people would join hands, dance, leap, scream, and shake for hours [..]. Music appeared to be the only means of combating the strange epidemic [..] lively, shrill tunes, played on trumpets and fifes, excited the dancers; soft, calm harmonies, graduated from fast to slow, high to low, prove efficacious for the cure.[9]The music used against spider bites featured drums and clarinets, was matched to the pace of the victim, and is only weakly connected to its later depiction in the tarantellas of Chopin, Liszt, Rossini, and Heller.[1.

While most serious proponents speculated as to the direct physical benefits of the dancing rather than the power of the music a mid- 1. It was thought that the Lycosa tarantulawolf spider had lent the name "tarantula" to an unrelated family of spiders, having been the species associated with Taranto, but since L. Showtime Full Into The Storm Online Free.

Mediterranean black widow, Latrodectus tredecimguttatus, may have been the species originally associated with Taranto's manual grain harvest. Tarantella ballet[edit]The Balanchine ballet Tarantella is set to the Grande Tarantelle for Piano and Orchestra, Op.

Louis Moreau Gottschalk, reconstructed and orchestrated by Hershy Kay. The profusion of steps and the quick changes of direction that this brief but explosive pas de deux requires typify the ways in which Balanchine expanded the traditional vocabulary of classical dance. Notable tarantellas[edit]Classical music[edit]Benjamin Britten wrote a tarantella as the third and final movement of his Sinfonietta, Op. Mario Castelnuovo- Tedesco wrote a Tarantella for solo guitar, Op. Frédéric Chopin wrote a Tarantelle in A- flat, Op. It was inspired specifically by Rossini's's song "La Danza". John Corigliano wrote a Tarantella as the fourth movement of his Gazebo Dances.

Claude Debussy wrote a piece called "Danse (Tarantelle styrienne)."Leopold Godowsky transcribed Chopin's Etude Op. No. 5 "Black Key" into a tarantella for the piano. Helmut Lachenmann's twelfth movement of Tanzsuite mit Deutschlandlied (1. Tarantelle. Franz Liszt composed a piece called "Tarantella, Venezia e Napoli" (No. Années de pèlerinage, 2nd Year: Italy), which is in a rapid tempo in 6. Felix Mendelssohn wrote a piece called "Tarantella" in 1.

Op. 1. 02, No. 3). The final movement of his Symphony No.

Italian" is in the form of a tarantella. Santiago de Murcia, a baroque Spanish composer and guitarist, wrote a tarantella for guitar. Albert Pieczonka, a pianist and composer who performed in Prussia, England, and the United States wrote a popular piano composition titled Tarantella in A minor.

David Popper wrote a piece called Tarantella, Op. The fourth of Sergei Prokofiev's twelve easy pieces for piano—Musique d'Enfants, Op. Tarantella. Sergei Rachmaninoff's Suite No.

Two Pianos, Op. 1. Gioachino Rossini's song "La Danza" is a Neapolitan tarantella. Camille Saint- Saëns composed Tarantella, Op.